PLN
Ventilation in a riding helmet is a system of openings and channels that allows air to flow under the shell, dissipates heat and sweat from the head, and maintains a constant, comfortable temperature during riding. Well-designed ventilation is not just a comfort feature—it genuinely impacts the rider's concentration, reaction time, and safety, especially in summer and during intensive training.
Key information at a glance
- Ventilation protects not only comfort but also safety—an overheated head leads to slower reactions, poorer concentration, and a higher risk of error in the saddle.
- The ventilation system is not just holes in the shell—it involves carefully designed channels that direct air from the forehead, through the EPS liner, to the back of the helmet.
- More vents do not always mean better—the design of the airflow matters more than the number of inlets; every helmet must meet the same safety standard regardless.
- The current standard is EN 1384:2023, alongside the still present VG1 and the demanding British PAS 015—ventilation must never compromise protection.
- Replace your helmet after any fall with a head impact and after the period recommended by the manufacturer (usually 3 to 10 years, depending on the brand)—even the best ventilation cannot reverse material fatigue.
Table of Contents
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What is ventilation in a riding helmet and how does it really work?
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Why does helmet ventilation affect rider safety?
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Ventilation, comfort, scalp, and hygiene
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Cooling mechanism step-by-step – what happens under the shell?
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What scientific studies say about helmet ventilation
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Do more vents mean less protection – ventilation and safety standards?
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Ventilation in training, competitions, transport, and winter
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Children's safety and a well-ventilated helmet
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How to choose a well-ventilated riding helmet
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Common mistakes made by riders
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
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Summary and recommendations
What is ventilation in a riding helmet and how does it really work?
The helmet has ceased to be a formality and has become a conscious choice. But most discussions about helmets revolve around one question: "Is it certified?" This is important, but incomplete. Because a helmet that you don't want to take off after twenty minutes of riding in the heat protects you much more often than one that sits in the locker because "you're suffocating in it."
Ventilation is precisely the element that determines whether a helmet accompanies you in every training session or only at competitions. Technically, it is a system of air inlets (most often at the front, above the forehead), channels running inside the shock-absorbing layer, and outlets at the back of the shell. Air enters during the movement of the horse and rider, passes over the scalp, and pushes out warm, moist air accumulated under the shell.
The key is to understand one thing: ventilation is not the number of holes, but the path the air travels. A cheap helmet might have five visible holes that lead nowhere, while a well-designed premium model might have a few precisely placed inlets connected by channels that actually push air across the entire head. This is why two helmets that look similar can cool completely differently.
Why does helmet ventilation affect rider safety?
The most common misconception is: "ventilation is a matter of comfort, not safety." In reality, one directly translates to the other.
The head is one of the main areas through which the body dissipates heat. A helmet tightly covers it, so without heat dissipation, the temperature under the shell quickly rises. When riding in the heat, in full sun in an arena, overheating occurs: a throbbing sensation in the temples, sluggishness, and a drop in concentration appear. And concentration in the saddle is safety—because horseback riding is a constant reaction to a living, unpredictable animal.
A rider with an overheated head reacts slower and is less able to read the situation in the arena or in the field. Sweat dripping into the eyes momentarily obstructs vision—and when jumping an obstacle or when a horse suddenly spooks, that fraction of a second can be decisive. In addition, there's the prosaic but real problem: a rider who is hot and uncomfortable starts looking for excuses to take off their helmet "for a moment"—when leading the horse, adjusting the saddle, or talking to the trainer. And most dangerous falls happen precisely when we least expect them.
Good ventilation eliminates this compromise. A helmet that is cool and dry stays on the head from the moment you enter the stable until you dismount. This is its most important function—it only works when it is worn.
Ventilation, comfort, scalp, and hygiene
Overheating is one problem, moisture is another. Under a sealed shell, without air circulation, sweat cannot evaporate. A warm, humid environment is created, which promotes bacterial growth, scalp irritation, itching, and in sensitive individuals, folliculitis. Anyone who knows the smell of a helmet after a season of intense riding without proper ventilation knows what we're talking about.
Therefore, modern premium helmets address ventilation in two ways. On the one hand, there is physical airflow through channels. On the other hand, there is a lining made of moisture-wicking materials (such as Coolmax or technical cooling linings), often antibacterial and—importantly in practice— removable and washable. This is seemingly a minor detail, but in reality, it is one of the most underestimated features: a helmet whose lining you can wash lasts longer, is more hygienic, and simply more pleasant for daily use.
For riders who train several times a week, and especially for professional riders and instructors who spend many hours a day in a helmet, this is not just an aesthetic matter. It's the difference between equipment that supports you and equipment that hinders you.
Cooling mechanism step-by-step – what happens under the shell?
To consciously choose a helmet, it's worth understanding exactly what happens from the moment air enters the inlet.
Firstly, front inlets capture air during movement – the faster the horse's gait (trot, canter), the stronger the airflow. Secondly, the air enters ventilation channels milled into the EPS layer (expanded polystyrene), which is the material that absorbs impact energy in the event of a fall. This is where the engineering challenge lies: the channels must allow air to pass through but cannot weaken the EPS's shock-absorbing capabilities. Thirdly, the air flows over the moisture-wicking lining, collecting heat and water vapor, and then, fourthly, escapes through the rear outlets, where a lower pressure zone is created during riding, "sucking out" the spent air.
This circulation works best in motion. That's why a helmet that feels warm when you're standing in the warm-up arena can cool brilliantly at a gallop. It's also worth adding the context of MIPS (Multi-directional Impact Protection System) technology, increasingly found in equestrian helmets. This is a thin, low-friction layer inside the helmet that allows for a small movement (10-15 mm) in an angled fall, reducing rotational forces transmitted to the brain. Previously, such a layer could restrict ventilation. Today, newer solutions (e.g., designs where the foam layers themselves provide the sliding function) are designed so that protection against rotational injury and free airflow go hand in hand. Brands like KASK helmets invest the most in these solutions.
What scientific studies say about helmet ventilation
Ventilation in riding helmets isn't just about manufacturer claims—it has been scientifically studied using thermal head mannequins and field tests. It's worth knowing these results because they confirm what to look for when making a choice.
In a study published in 2015 in the journal Extreme Physiology & Medicine (Jolly et al.), the ventilation of seven helmets was measured on a head mannequin in a climate chamber (20°C, 40% humidity) at two air speeds, and then the results were verified in the field—fifteen riders evaluated the helmets after 45 minutes of intense riding. A significant practical conclusion: differences in ventilation between models are measurable and repeatable, and cooling clearly increases with air movement.
Even more eloquent are the measurements of heat dissipation from the scalp on a mannequin with nine measuring zones. Three riding helmets were compared: a "closed" model achieved about 56% cooling efficiency, an "open" one about 86%, and a helmet with a refined design about 97%. This is almost a twofold difference between the weakest and the best. The most important conclusion of the researchers is: ventilation of riding helmets can be significantly improved by applying principles known from cycling helmets—that is, defined inlets, outlets, and internal channels connecting them. Many riding helmets still lack this.
This precisely confirms what we said earlier: a well-thought-out air circulation matters, not just the number of holes. That's why branded premium helmets, designed with air channels in mind, actually cool better—and that's why it's worth looking at the construction, not just how many holes are visible from the outside.
Do more vents mean less protection – ventilation and safety standards?
This question arises with every helmet choice and deserves an honest answer. Yes, ventilation holes are places where there is no solid shell and no cushioning layer. In theory, they increase the risk of penetration by a sharp object and reduce the energy-absorbing surface. But – and this is the most important point – every riding helmet approved for sale must pass the same safety tests, regardless of the number of holes.
This means that a manufacturer designing a well-ventilated helmet must place the inlets and reinforce the structure around them in such a way that, despite the openings, the helmet passes impact and penetration tests. In other words: a legally sold, certified, well-ventilated premium helmet is not less safe than its more sealed counterpart – because if it were, it would not receive a certificate.
The most important standards you will encounter in Poland and Europe are:
- EN 1384:2023 - the current European standard, harmonized with PPE Regulation (EU) 2016/425, which is the official minimum for riding helmets sold in the EU. It introduces stricter impact energy absorption and mechanical strength tests than previous versions.
- VG1 01.040 - an earlier European standard, now considered less demanding than EN 1384:2023. Helmets with VG1 approval (with a quality control label, e.g., Kitemark) remain permitted during a transitional period - according to industry announcements, until 2031.
- PAS 015:2011 - a demanding British standard, particularly valued in show jumping and high-risk disciplines.
- ASTM F1163 / SEI - American standard, and Snell E2001/E2016 - a rigorous, voluntary American standard.
Practical advice: check the label and certificate, not the number of holes. If the helmet carries a current approval, you can choose the best-ventilated model for your needs without worrying that you are sacrificing safety for comfort. It is also worth remembering that competition regulations apply. FEI is introducing a gradual change in recognized standards from January 1, 2026: in 2026, a helmet must meet at least one of the recognized standards (including EN 1384:2023, VG1 together with EN 1384:2017, PAS 015:2011, ASTM F1163, or Snell E2016/E2021), and from 2028 - at least two of them. The judge has the right to verify the condition and marking of the helmet. You can find more about riding safety in the British Horse Society materials.
Ventilation in training, competitions, transport, and winter
Different situations place different demands on ventilation—and here, many riders make the mistake of buying one "all-purpose" helmet without thinking.
Training. This is where the helmet works the most. Daily rides, lunging, trail riding—the head is under the helmet for hours. For recreational riders and those who train regularly, ventilation during training is more important than in competitions, because daily use determines whether the helmet is worn consistently.
Competitions. In the arena or dressage ring, concentration matters under stressful conditions and often in the heat (the competition season is summer). Overheating just before a ride genuinely reduces performance. At the same time, in competitions, aesthetics and compliance with standards can be a priority—good Samshield helmets reconcile both.
Transport and working with the horse. Ventilation works best in motion, so when leading, grooming, or loading a horse into a trailer, the helmet heats up more. This is not a defect—it's physics. It's worth being aware of this and not judging a helmet by how it "performs" when the horse is standing still.
Winter. Here, the opposite problem arises: too much ventilation cools the head down. Many riders wear a thin thermal hat under their helmet in winter—but be careful, an additional layer must not alter the fit of the helmet. The helmet must still sit securely. Some models have inlets that can be partially closed (sliders, plugs), allowing you to regulate airflow depending on the season. This is a solution worth considering if you ride all year round. In Samshield, KASK, and KEP helmets, you can purchase dedicated winter liners.
Children's safety and a well-ventilated helmet
For children, the issue of ventilation is even more crucial than for adults – for two reasons.
Firstly, a young body overheats faster and copes less effectively with temperature regulation. A child at a riding camp in July, wearing a helmet without proper ventilation, gets tired faster and loses focus – and focus is safety. Secondly, children are much more likely than adults to remove an uncomfortable helmet when no one is looking. If the helmet is tight and hot, the child will take it off at every opportunity. A well-ventilated, lightweight helmet that keeps the head cool is something a child will gladly wear – and that is real protection, not theoretical.
We advise parents to pay attention to three things: low helmet weight (less strain on the neck), effective ventilation, and proper fit with a circumference adjustment system. An "oversized" helmet is dangerous – it shifts and does not protect properly. It is better to choose the correct size and replace it when the child outgrows it. A child's safety is not an area for saving money or compromises.
How to choose a well-ventilated riding helmet?
Let's compile this into a practical list. When choosing a helmet, evaluate:
First – current certification. This is a prerequisite, not a distinguishing feature. Look for EN 1384:2023, VG1, or PAS 015. Without it, there's no discussion about ventilation.
Second, the airflow design, not the number of vents. Check if the helmet has clear intake vents at the front and exhaust vents at the back connected by channels. A premium manufacturer's description usually explains this. Well-designed KEP helmets are a good reference point.
Third, the lining. Moisture-wicking, antibacterial material, preferably removable and washable. This affects the hygiene and lifespan of the helmet.
Fourth, weight. A lighter helmet puts less strain on the neck during long hours of riding and is simply less tiring. In this regard, it's worth checking out lightweight Freejump helmets.
Fifth, fit. The best-ventilated helmet won't work if it fits poorly. The helmet should cover the head evenly, without pressure points, and not shift when shaking your head with the strap unbuckled. Therefore, it's advisable to try on a helmet in person – head shape is individual, and different brands have different "lasts."
If you want to choose a helmet calmly and compare models from different brands live, we invite you to our physical store in Ruda Śląska at ul. Oświęcimska 9 – we will help you match the size and shape to your head. You can also find the full offer in the riding helmets category in our online store.
Common Mistakes Made by Riders
Assessing ventilation in a store, while standing still. A helmet cools when in motion. Five seconds with a helmet on your head at the counter tells you nothing about how it will perform at a gallop.
Confusing the number of vents with effectiveness. More holes do not necessarily mean better ventilation. It's the path of the air that matters, not the number of inlets.
Buying an oversized helmet for a child. A loose helmet shifts and doesn't protect. The size must be precise.
Blocking the vents. Stickers, ornaments, a thick cap under the helmet, or a cover without holes can completely block airflow. Do not cover the vents.
Treating ventilation as an excuse to take off the helmet. If your helmet makes you so hot that you constantly take it off – that's not a reason to ride without a helmet, but a sign that you need a better model.
Ignoring the helmet's age and history. The best ventilation will not reverse material fatigue or micro-damage after a fall. Replace your helmet after any head impact, and otherwise after the period recommended by the manufacturer – different brands specify from 3 to even 10 years.
Washing the helmet completely or with aggressive detergents. The shell and EPS should not be soaked or cleaned with chemicals – this can damage the structure. Only the removable lining should be washed, according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Does ventilation in a riding helmet weaken its protection?
No, not if the helmet has a current safety certificate. Every helmet approved for sale – regardless of the number of vents – must pass the same impact and penetration tests. The manufacturer designs the vents so that they do not compromise safety. So, choose a certified and well-ventilated helmet without worries.
How to choose a well-ventilated helmet?
Check for a current safety certificate (EN 1384:2023, VG1, or PAS 015), pay attention to the arrangement of front intake vents and rear exhaust vents connected by channels, choose a model with a removable moisture-wicking lining, assess the weight, and – most importantly – try on the helmet, as fit determines effectiveness.
Is a more expensive helmet better ventilated?
Usually, yes, though price alone is not a guarantee. More expensive premium models invest in thoughtful channel systems, better lining materials, and lower weight. A cheaper helmet might have vents that lead nowhere. However, it's the specific design that matters, not just the price tag.
What safety standard applies to riding helmets in 2026?
The current standard, harmonized with EU regulations, is EN 1384:2023. Helmets with the VG1 standard remain approved during a transitional period (according to industry communications, until 2031), and you will also encounter the demanding British PAS 015. In FEI competitions from 2026, a helmet must meet at least one of the recognized standards, and from 2028 – at least two.
Do I need a helmet with less ventilation in winter?
Not necessarily a different helmet – many models have adjustable vents (sliders, covers) that allow you to limit airflow in winter. You can also wear a thin thermal cap under the helmet, provided it doesn't alter the helmet's fit.
Can I tape up the ventilation holes to stay warmer?
This is not recommended. Taping up the vents blocks airflow and can affect comfort and hygiene. In winter, it's better to use adjustable vents or a thin thermal cap that maintains the helmet's fit.
How to clean a helmet with a ventilation system?
Remove the lining and wash it according to the manufacturer's instructions. The shell and EPS layers should not be soaked or cleaned with aggressive chemicals. Ventilation channels can be gently blown out or wiped with a damp cloth.
Does MIPS technology worsen ventilation?
In the past, the MIPS layer could restrict airflow. Newer solutions are designed so that rotational impact protection and good ventilation coexist. Many modern helmets combine both these features.
How often should I replace my helmet if it looks fine?
This depends on the manufacturer and intensity of use – many manufacturers suggest 3-5 years, while for example, KASK recommends replacing a riding helmet after about 10 years, because materials age and lose their protective properties over time. Always check the manufacturer's recommendation (the production date is given inside the helmet). After any fall with a head impact, replace the helmet immediately, as micro-damage may be invisible.
Does a child need a helmet with better ventilation than an adult?
In practice, yes. Children overheat faster and are more likely to remove an uncomfortable helmet. A lightweight, well-ventilated, and precisely fitted helmet is more willingly worn by a child, and a worn helmet provides real protection.
Does ventilation work when the horse is standing still?
Less effectively. Air circulation is driven by movement – ventilation works best at a trot and gallop. When the horse is standing still, being led, or working in the stable, the helmet naturally gets warmer. This is normal and does not indicate a helmet defect.
Does a helmet with ventilation protect against rain?
Vents may let water in during a downpour, but this does not affect the protective function. Some riders use a helmet cover in the rain – remember, however, that a cover without openings blocks ventilation, so only use it when necessary.
Summary and Recommendations
Ventilation in a riding helmet is not an add-on for comfort, but a feature that genuinely impacts safety. An overheated head means slower reactions and poorer concentration, and an uncomfortable helmet is one that too often ends up off the head. Good ventilation ensures that the helmet is worn consistently – and only a worn helmet protects.
When choosing, follow this hierarchy: first, a current safety certificate (EN 1384:2023, VG1, or PAS 015), then a well-thought-out airflow design, next moisture-wicking lining, low weight, and finally precise fit. Do not be guided by the number of vents – it's the path the air takes that matters. Remember to replace your helmet after any fall with head impact and after the period recommended by the manufacturer (usually from 3 to even 10 years, depending on the brand).
And if you're torn between models, try them on live. Head shape is individual, and the best-ventilated helmet will only work if it fits perfectly. That's what we're here for.
